There are four phases of cardiac rehabilitation: acute, subacute, outpatient and maintenance.

Studies have shown that physical activity has beneficial effects on mental health, reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. It stimulates the release of brain chemicals such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin, which help regulate mood.

Complex carbs will slowly release energy during and after a workout. Foods with simple sugars will break down quickly, which can result in fatigue. Look for foods such as multigrain bread, beans, bananas, berries and sweet potatoes.

While there may be exceptions, many seniors need to avoid certain exercises that put strain on the joints, lead to posture problems or cause issues with balance. Exercises to avoid may include squats with dumbbells, abdominal crunches and leg presses.

High-impact exercise can put stress on already-strained joints. It may also be risky for obese people with cardiac problems or respiratory problems. Low-impact exercise such as walking or swimming can help you burn calories and strengthen muscles without injuring the joints.